Among the simplest organisms, there are many parasites of animals and humans. The following are parasitic protozoa that cause the most serious and common diseases.
Amoeba dysentery
The dysentery amoeba is similar to the common, but it is smaller and has shorter and wider rhizomes. It enters the human digestive system through the mouth in the cyst stage. In the large intestine, the amoeba leaves the cyst and feeds on bacteria without harming humans. In the future, this simpler organism begins to invade the intestinal wall, feed on red blood cells, and become a parasite. Ulcers form in the intestines, which depletes the human body. There is an amoebic dysentery disease or amoebiasis.
The dysentery amoeba can enter the bloodstream and reach the liver. Here, too, the parasite leads to the formation of purulent ulcers.
By forming cysts, amoebae leave the human body with undigested food debris. Mild cysts spread easily. If you don't wash your hands and food, you can become infected with them.
Malaria plasmodium
Plasmodia are parasitic protozoa. Some types of plasmodia cause malaria in humans. The carrier of the malaria plasmodia is the malaria mosquito. During an insect bite, the plasmodia enters the host's bloodstream. Together with the blood it reaches the liver, where it feeds, grows and multiplies. After that, many plasmodia re-enter the bloodstream and begin to parasitize erythrocytes, destroying them and releasing their waste products, which poison the host. A person develops a fever, suffers from anemia.
If a malaria patient is bitten again by an anopheles mosquito, now the plasmodium will pass from the person to the mosquito. In the body of a mosquito, Plasmodium reproduces sexually.
Malaria is common in Africa. This is a very dangerous disease. Fight against malaria, including the destruction of malaria mosquitoes.
Trypanosomes
Trypanosomes of the genus are parasitic protozoa with flagella (related to euglena). Its main host is a vertebrate and insects are usually carriers. Different representatives of trypanosomes cause different diseases of animals and humans. They mainly parasitize in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid. The most famous and common disease caused by the trypanosome species is sleeping sickness.
The carrier of sleeping sickness is the tsetse fly. This disease is typical of tropical Africa. Sleeping sickness develops in two stages: the first weeks of a person are tormented by fever and pain, after a month or more sleepiness, sleep and coordination disorders and a change in consciousness occur. The disease is easier to treat in the first stage.
Giardia
Giardia is a genus of parasitic flagellate protozoa. Intestinal lamblia causes giardiasis in humans and animals, in which the parasite lives in the small intestine.
A person becomes infected with giardiasis by eating unwashed food that contains Giardia cysts. Upon exiting the cyst, the lamblia attaches itself to the intestines and feeds on digested food.
Leishmania
Leishmania is another genus of parasitic protozoa. They cause leishmaniasis in humans and many other animals. The vectors are mosquitoes.
There are different types of leishmaniasis associated with damage to various tissues in the body. One of them is the skin disease, Pendinsky's ulcer.
Coccidia
Coccidia parasitize many animals, including worms, arthropods, and fish. They cause coccidiosis diseases, which cause serious damage to livestock and fish farming.
Coccidia settle in the form of spores that contain parasitic cells.
The genus Toxoplasma belongs to the coccidia. Its representatives cause such a widespread disease in humans as toxoplasmosis. A person becomes infected from pets or undercooked meat. Toxoplasmas affect many organs, including the nervous system.